Israeli customs

Topic: "Perception of China" in Israel.

　　Israeli society is deeply influenced by Judaism, and there are deep religious traces in many aspects of daily life. At the same time, Israel is also an immigrant country, and immigrants from all over the world have brought diverse cultures and customs to Israel.

　　dress

　　Israel wears casual clothes, basically does not wear a suit, rarely wears a tie, and even on formal occasions, few people wear a suit and tie. This is not only due to the hot climate in Israel most of the time, but also influenced by the habits since the founding of the People’s Republic of China for decades. Women are similar to modern women all over the world, but their clothes are more casual in comparison. According to Jewish regulations, men should wear a small round hat (Kippa). A rabbi in Judaism (equivalent to a priest) should wear black clothes, a black felt hat and long curly sideburns on his ears.

　　diet

　　The staple food of Jews is cakes, which are made of wheat or barley flour. Cake is regarded as the lifeline by Jews, so people usually eat cake without cutting it with a knife, but only break it with their hands, for fear of cutting the lifeline with a knife.

　　Jews in Israel have strict regulations on diet, which is called "Kosher" locally. They forbade pork and some other meats, shellfish, scaleless fish and any kind of scavengers, and meat products and dairy products could not be eaten at the same time. These people can only go to restaurants that meet the requirements of "Kosher" when eating out, and restaurants need to apply for certificates from specialized institutions composed of Jewish rabbis every year.

　　Sabbath

　　Sabbath is a weekly rest day in Judaism, which comes from Genesis (God created the world in six days and rested on the seventh day). The Sabbath begins at sunset every Friday and ends at dusk on Saturday. People eat three meals on the Sabbath, namely, Friday dinner, Saturday lunch (breakfast and lunch are combined into one) and Sabbath end meal, and Friday dinner should be the most abundant in a week. On the Sabbath, all shops are closed and buses stop running. Strictly speaking, electrical appliances are not allowed to be turned on or off on the Sabbath. If you want to use electric lights and televisions, you must turn them on before the Sabbath and keep them open until the end of the Sabbath.

　　Kibbutz (Kibbutz)

　　Kibbutz is a unique form of collective agricultural production organization in Israel, which implements the distribution principle of "from each according to his ability and equal distribution". All property belongs to the collective, and all members are completely equal. Everyone works together and lives collectively. The first kibbutz in Israel was built in 1910. At present, there are 275 kibbutz of different sizes in the country, and each kibbutz has a population of 200-3000. At present, the population living in Kibbutz is about 120,000, accounting for only about 2% of the national population, but the agricultural output value accounts for about 42% of the national total, and the agricultural products export accounts for 43% of the national total. It is the main agricultural production base in Israel. In the early days of Israel’s founding and the war years, Kibbutz made important contributions to defending the country’s survival and developing production. However, with the rapid transition of Israeli society to economic privatization and liberalization, the original collective production mode is difficult to adapt to the free competition of capitalist privatization and a series of changes brought about by it, and the call for internal reform in Kibbutz is increasing.

Editor: Wang Yilin