    Autumn and winter have entered the flu season, and many citizens are consulting about flu vaccination.
    On October 9th, Chongqing CDC interpreted the Technical Guide for Influenza Vaccination in China (2023-2024) recently updated and revised by China CDC.
    1. Who should be given priority in influenza vaccination?
    According to the guidelines, it is recommended that all people who are over 6 months old and have no contraindications should be vaccinated with influenza vaccine. Among them, the following eight key and high-risk groups are recommended for timely vaccination:
    1. Medical personnel: including clinical rescue personnel, public health personnel and health and quarantine personnel;
    2.60 years old and above;
    3. Patients suffering from one or more chronic diseases;
    4. Vulnerable people and employees in gathering places such as old-age care institutions, long-term care institutions and welfare homes;
    5. Pregnant women;
    Children aged 6.6-59 months;
    Family members and caregivers of infants under 7.6 months old;
    8. People in key places: people in key places such as kindergartens, primary and secondary schools and supervision places.
    2. What is the "price" of trivalent and tetravalent influenza vaccines?
    The "valence" of influenza vaccine refers to the types of antigen components contained in the vaccine. Simply put, trivalent influenza vaccine components are: A/Victoria/4897/2022 (H1N1) PDM09 similar strain, A/Darwin/9/2021(H3N2) similar strain and B/Australia/1359417/2021 (H1N1) similar strain. The tetravalent influenza vaccine consists of two strains of type B virus, which are the above three strains and similar strains of B/Phuket/3073/2013(Yamagata strain).
    Compared with the previous year, the vaccine component recommended by WHO in this year has been replaced with influenza virus subtype A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine strain.
    3. What are the current types of influenza vaccines?
    The influenza vaccines approved for marketing in China include trivalent inactivated vaccine (IIV3), trivalent attenuated live vaccine (LAIV3) and tetravalent inactivated vaccine (IIV4). Inactivated influenza vaccines include split vaccine and subunit vaccine (please consult the vaccination clinic for details of specific vaccine manufacturers).
    For people who can be vaccinated with different types of vaccine products from different manufacturers, they can voluntarily vaccinate any kind of influenza vaccine, and there is no priority recommendation.
    4. When will the flu vaccine be vaccinated?
    It is suggested to arrange vaccination as soon as possible after the arrival of the vaccine, and it is best to complete the vaccination before the local influenza epidemic season. The vaccination unit can provide vaccination services throughout the epidemic season. In the same influenza epidemic season, people who have completed the whole vaccination according to the vaccination procedures do not need to be vaccinated again.
    Pregnant women can be vaccinated against influenza at any stage of pregnancy. It is suggested that they can be vaccinated as soon as this year’s influenza vaccine is available.
    5. What are the general conditions for suspending or prohibiting influenza vaccination?
    Anyone who is allergic to any ingredients contained in the vaccine (including excipients, formaldehyde, cracking agents and antibiotics) or has a history of severe allergic reaction to any kind of influenza vaccination is prohibited from vaccination.
    Patients with acute diseases, severe chronic diseases or acute attacks of chronic diseases and fever are advised to recover or have their condition stabilized.
    Patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome within 6 weeks after previous influenza vaccination are advised to be evaluated by a doctor before considering whether to vaccinate.
    Other vaccination contraindications refer to the instruction manual.
    6. Under what circumstances is it forbidden to vaccinate attenuated influenza vaccine?
    1. People with low immune function due to drug use, HIV infection and other reasons.
    2 children and adolescents who have been treated with drugs containing aspirin or salicylic acid for a long time.
    Children with asthma aged 3.2~4 years.
    4. Pregnant women.
    5. Those with a history of Guillain-Barre syndrome.
    6. Those who used antiviral drugs such as oseltamivir and zanamivir 48 hours before inoculation, or those who used palamivir 5 days before inoculation, or those who used balosevir 17 days before inoculation.
    7. Is egg allergy a taboo for vaccination?
    At present, egg allergy is not listed as a taboo in some domestic influenza vaccine product manuals, so this guide does not regard egg allergy as a taboo for influenza vaccination.
    8. Can influenza vaccine and other vaccines be vaccinated at the same time?
    Inactivated influenza vaccine and other inactivated vaccines and attenuated live vaccines such as EV71 vaccine, pneumococcal vaccine, herpes zoster vaccine, chickenpox vaccine, measles vaccine and DTP vaccine can be inoculated at different parts at the same time.
    It is suggested that the elderly aged ≥60 who have no history of PPV23 vaccination or the elderly aged ≥65 who have been vaccinated with the previous dose of PPV23 for more than 5 years should be jointly vaccinated with the influenza vaccine and PPV23 before the influenza season comes.
    The research evidence of simultaneous vaccination of attenuated influenza vaccine and other vaccines is limited, and simultaneous vaccination of attenuated influenza vaccine with measles vaccine or chickenpox vaccine will not interfere with immune response. After vaccination with attenuated influenza vaccine, other attenuated live vaccines can only be vaccinated after an interval of more than 4 weeks.
    9. Can influenza vaccine be inoculated with COVID-19 vaccine?
    People aged 18 and above can be vaccinated with inactivated influenza vaccine and Covid-19 vaccine at the same time.
    For people vaccinated with attenuated influenza vaccine and minors under the age of 18, due to the lack of evidence of vaccination at the same time with Covid-19 vaccine, it is suggested that the interval between vaccination and Covid-19 vaccine should be more than 14 days.
    10. Does taking drugs have an impact on COVID-19 vaccine?
    The use of immunosuppressants (such as corticosteroids, cytotoxic drugs or radiotherapy, organ transplantation, etc.) may affect the immune effect after vaccination.
    Inactivated influenza vaccine can also be inoculated during the prevention and treatment of influenza antiviral drugs.
    Preventive or therapeutic use of anti-influenza drugs will affect the immune effect of attenuated influenza vaccine.
    If you have used any other vaccines or drugs, including over-the-counter drugs, please inform the vaccination doctor before vaccination.
    In order to avoid possible drug interactions, any ongoing treatment should consult a doctor.
    Lian Xiao, chief reporter of Hualong.com.
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