With the gradual popularization of new energy vehicles, more and more people have realized what new things new energy vehicles are, but there are still many misunderstandings in the use of new energy vehicles, especially in charging. Especially in the early days, there was no unified standard for charging piles, which led to many piles and cars being incompatible and caused many misunderstandings. Today, we will talk about several commonly used charging methods of new energy vehicles, and solve some misunderstandings for everyone.
On-board charging: Every car is equipped with the slowest charging speed.
Whether it is a plug-in hybrid car or a pure car, the car will be equipped with an on-board charger, which can directly charge the vehicle where there is a 220V power socket. This method is generally used for emergency charging, and the charging speed is also the slowest. We often say "flying wire charging" (that is, pulling a wire from the 220V power socket in a high-rise building and charging it with the car on board), but this charging method has great security risks, so it is not recommended to charge the vehicle in this way for new trips.
▲ The picture shows the equipped car charger.
▲ The e-tron we experienced before is charged with the car.
At present, there are 10A and 16A specifications for the plug of the car charger corresponding to the household 220V power socket, and different models are equipped with different specifications, some are equipped with 10A plugs, and some are equipped with 16A plugs. The 10A plug has the same specifications as our daily household appliances, and the pin of the plug is smaller. 16A’ s plug pin is large, which is the same size as the air conditioning socket at home, so it is relatively inconvenient to use. If your car is equipped with a 16A on-board charger, it is recommended to buy an adapter for easy use.
▲ The plug with 10A on the left is relatively small, and the plug with 16A on the right is relatively large.
In terms of charging speed, the onboard charger of 16A can support higher charging, so its charging speed is faster than that of 10A under conditions. If it is charged with a domestic 220V power supply, the theoretical charging speed of the onboard charger for 10 years can reach 2.2kW/h, but in fact, most models are only 1.6 kW/h.. The theoretical charging speed of the 16A on-board charger can reach 3.5kW/h, but in fact most of them are only about 3 kW/h..
▲ The picture shows the car charger equipped with 100.
▲ Tang’s onboard charging is about 1.6kW.
Here is a brief explanation of what the charging speed means, which refers to the amount of electricity charged per hour. For example, 1.6kW/h means that the amount of electricity that can be charged per hour is 1.6kWh (that is, 1.6 kWh). If the battery capacity of a car is 16kWh (that is, 16 kWh), it will take about 10 hours to charge at a speed of 1.6kW (theoretical data).
Household wall-mounted charging pile: it is most convenient for car owners with fixed parking spaces.
Household wall-mounted charging piles are just for you to install in your parking space, so that you can use them at any time every day. At present, most models are given away by manufacturers (such as,,, etc.), and some even provide free installation. Of course, some models need to be purchased additionally.
▲ and the wall-mounted charging pile presented with the car.
The charging of wall-mounted charging piles is different according to different models. For most plug-in hybrid vehicles, charging is set to fully charge the vehicle within 6 hours. For most pure products, it is also set to be full in about 8 hours.
▲ Wall-mounted charging pile provided with the vehicle.
For example, the wall-mounted charging piles of plug-in hybrid car series are all charged at 3.3kW, and the Qin 100 and Tang 100 are fully charged in about 6 hours. The pure series of wall-mounted charging piles is about 7kW, and it takes about 8 hours to charge 300 and 300, which can basically fill the car completely in one night.
Public slow-filling piles: the charging speed of different slow-filling piles is different and cannot be generalized.
We have often heard of the words "slow charging" and "fast charging". The essential difference between them is that slow charging uses alternating current and fast charging uses direct current. Judging from the charging gun, the slow charging line is thin, the charging gun has 7 holes (national standard), the fast charging line is thick, and the charging gun has 5 holes. The charging speed of slow charging is relatively slow, and the charging speed of fast charging is relatively fast. The on-board charging and household wall-mounted charging piles mentioned above belong to the category of slow charging.
▲ The slow charging gun is designed with 7 holes.
However, it should be noted that the same car is different in different slow-filling piles, but it is generalized. Some manufacturers simply and rudely indicate a slow charging time on the configuration table, which is also irresponsible. A 7kW slow charging pile is twice as different as a 3kW slow charging pile, which is easy to mislead consumers.
▲ A brand model official website simply and rudely announced only a slow charging time.
There are three kinds of public slow-charging piles, namely, 3kW and 7kW. At present, the one that is more common in the market is 3kW. For example, I use an APP called "Camel Fast Charging" in common use, and all the slow-charging piles on it are 3kW, which is exactly the same as the wall-mounted charging piles given by the car.
▲ Our commonly used "camel fast filling" APP slowly fills piles.
There are relatively few slow-charging piles of 7kW, and the common ones are star charging. However, some models do not support such a large current for slow charging, so although the charging of piles can reach 7kW, the actual charging is only 3kW, such as the first generation I have experienced before.
DC fast charging pile: the highest coverage rate and the fastest charging speed on the market.
At present, the number of DC fast-charging piles is relatively large. Such a policy is only for pure ones, and the fast-charging piles in public charging stations account for almost 80% or more, and there are many charging stations that only provide fast-charging piles. The charging of fast-filling piles can generally reach more than 40kW, and the vehicle can be completely filled in 1-2 hours.
▲ Public fast filling pile
Of course, there are also some models that can charge up to 50kW. For example, the DC charging cabinet can charge up to 50kW, which is one of the few models that can reach such a high charge. However, it is precisely because of this that when the first generation just came out, most public fast-charging piles on the market could not achieve such a large charge, which led to incompatibility and could only be successfully charged on special charging piles.
▲ and its special fast-filling pile also support other models.
Several common problems about charging of new energy vehicles
1. What car will be equipped with fast charging?
Usually, even in the test drive activities organized by some manufacturers, I often meet some media colleagues asking if this car (plug-in hybrid car) is equipped with fast charging. In fact, all the models currently on the market are not equipped with fast charging except pure ones. Plug-in hybrid cars like Tang, Qin, eRX5, etc. are not equipped with fast charging.
▲ Most pure batteries are equipped with both fast charging and slow charging interfaces.
Simply because the battery capacity is large, it is basically equipped with fast charging and slow charging at the same time. However, there are also some mini-pure cars only equipped with slow charging. For example, the D2 series, Beiqi EC180 and Chery Ant eQ1 (equipped with fast charging and slow charging at the same time) are only equipped with slow charging because the battery capacity is not large (within 20kWh), but with slow charging, the car can basically be fully charged in one night.
▲ Chery Little Ant eQ1 low-profile models are only equipped with slow charging interfaces.
2. How can I calculate quickly?
About, there are also related formulas that can simply calculate the approximate. When calculating, we only need to know two data, one is the battery capacity of the vehicle, and the other is the charging of the charging pile, which is divided by the battery capacity. For example, if the battery capacity of the vehicle is 18kWh and the charging pile is 3kW, it will take about 6 hours.
▲ Output voltage, current and other parameters on the common slow filling pile.
So how to calculate the charging? Charging is equal to the charging voltage multiplied by the charging current. We only need to know the two data of voltage and current. At present, most charging piles on the market are marked. For example, the charging voltage of the charging pile is 220V, and the charging current is 16A, so the charging is about 3.5kW, and the approximate value can be calculated quickly.
However, it should be noted that the calculation is only theoretical, and the actual charging takes longer. Mainly because there will be losses during actual charging, and the actual charging is smaller than the theoretical charging. In general, the result obtained by multiplying the calculated time by 1.2 is practical.
3. Is there still a problem of incompatibility between cars and piles?
Shortly after the popularization of new energy vehicles 2-3 years ago, a large area of vehicles and piles were incompatible, which led to the low utilization rate of many public charging piles and made it inconvenient for car owners to use them. The main reason was that there was no unified standard at that time. Now, after the national charging pile standard was issued, all charging piles and car companies have been improved and upgraded according to the new standard, and now there are few cases where cars and piles are incompatible.
Summary:What we often hear is slow charging and fast charging, but we don’t know that under different charging conditions, the same car needs different things under different slow charging piles or different slow charging methods. The same is true for fast charging, so when talking about it or watching the manufacturer’s announcement, we must find out under what charging condition, so as to have more reference significance. In addition, we can simply calculate the size of the battery according to the formula, or calculate the size of the battery from the other side.
