Changsha Evening News All-Media Reporter Zhu Yanhuang Correspondent Song Yani
Recently, the physical examination center of Changsha Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Changsha No.8 Hospital) analyzed the personal health status of 60,000 people who underwent physical examination in this center this year.
Since January this year, there have been about 35,000 men and 25,000 women in the hospital. Statistics show that among men, overweight and obesity, hyperlipidemia, fatty liver and calculus are the top three common health problems, accounting for about 54%, 46% and 25% of the tested men respectively. Among women, the top three health problems are hyperplasia of mammary glands, abnormal thyroid gland, abnormal TCT and HPV, accounting for about 85%, 40% and 25% of the examined women respectively. Chen Lianchun, director of the physical examination center of the hospital, reminded that the ratio of common high-risk health problems has increased compared with last year. It is suggested that the medical examination package should be personalized and targeted, and the health management after the examination should be strengthened.
The first problem of male health: overweight and obesity
Mr. Wang, a case freelancer, loves fried food and carbonated drinks. He often plays cards and sits for four or five hours. At the time of physical examination, he was 1.65 meters tall and weighed 90 kilograms, which was close to severe obesity.
Obesity directed by doctors is mainly caused by unreasonable diet and insufficient physical exercise. The Report on Nutrition and Chronic Diseases of Residents in China (2020) shows that the overweight and obesity rate of adult residents in China exceeds 50%. Body mass index (BMI) is the most commonly used measure of overweight and obesity in adults. "Overweight" means that the BMI is equal to or greater than 24, and "obesity" is equal to or greater than 28. 20% of people who weigh more than the standard weight are mildly obese, over 30% to 50% are moderately obese and over 50% are severely obese.
Chen Lianchun said that overweight or obesity will cause different degrees of harm to the cardiovascular, digestive, skeletal, endocrine and other systems of the human body. It is necessary to carry out scientific weight management and treatment to reduce weight and fat. In addition, it can be differentiated according to the different constitutions of patients and given special Chinese medicine treatment to help reduce fat.
Male health problems ranked second: hyperlipidemia and fatty liver.
Case Mr. Li has been diagnosed with hyperlipidemia for more than 5 years. Because he was afraid of trouble, he did not go to the hospital for treatment. There are hyperlipidemia and fatty liver in the physical examination data every year, and the value of blood lipid increases year by year, and fatty liver also changes from mild to moderate.
The doctor instructed that "hyperlipidemia and fatty liver are caused by excessive fat deposition in blood vessels or liver cells." Chen Lianchun suggested that this kind of patients should first adjust their diet structure, and need a low-salt, low-fat, high-vitamin and high-quality protein diet every day, and do not consume foods that are too high in fat and calories. If the data does not decrease but increases after a period of diet and exercise conditioning, you need to use lipid-lowering drugs under the guidance of a doctor.
Male health problems ranked third: stones.
Case Peng is a truck driver. Because it is inconvenient to go to the toilet in the middle of his work relationship, he deliberately reduced drinking water. Young, he had an operation because of kidney calculi’s hydronephrosis. To his distress, a small stone about 2×3 mm grew on the side of his kidney this year.
Kidney calculi, ureteral calculi, bladder calculi, urethral calculi, etc., which are commonly found in men. Dong Ying, deputy chief physician of the physical examination center, said that the onset may be related to many factors such as abnormal metabolism and unhealthy lifestyle, such as dislike of drinking water and lack of exercise.
For smaller stones, patients should strengthen drinking water and exercise. According to their own habits and weight, they can drink 2000 to 3000 ml of warm water every day, and after drinking, they can cooperate with exercise, such as skipping rope or jumping with their feet for more than 5 minutes every day. Larger stones are easy to get stuck in ureteral stricture or urethral obstruction or effusion during activities, which may cause waist swelling and discomfort, perineal pain, hematuria, etc., so surgery is needed to remove the stones.
The first problem of women’s health: mammary gland hyperplasia
Case Ms. Gu is a teacher. She usually works hard, often stays up late, and likes spicy food. This year’s physical examination report suggests: bilateral breast hyperplasia, right breast cystic nodules.
The doctor’s guidance of mammary gland hyperplasia refers to the benign hyperplasia of mammary gland tissue, which occurs in young and middle-aged women. It is one of the most common diseases of women. Its clinical manifestations are proliferative nodules or lumps, periodic breast pain, which can radiate to armpits, chest and shoulders, mainly related to endocrine disorders, irregular living habits, bad mood and other factors.
Traditional Chinese medicine believes that mammary gland hyperplasia is related to stagnation of liver qi and deficiency of phlegm and blood coagulation, and the disease is located in liver, spleen and kidney. After the diagnosis of hyperplasia of mammary glands, we should pay attention to changing the unhealthy lifestyle, staying up late less, eating less spicy food, keeping a good mood, and having regular breast ultrasound or mammography reexamination. If there is a hint of malignant lesions, surgical treatment should be carried out in time.
Women’s health problems ranked second: thyroid abnormalities.
During the physical examination, Ms. Gao found that the thyroid gland was slightly enlarged. Further thyroid function examination and color Doppler ultrasound examination revealed hypothyroidism with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. She said that she had gained weight recently and was accompanied by weakness.
The thyroid diseases instructed by doctors include hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, thyroid nodules, goiter, thyroid tumor, etc., which are related to factors such as lack or excess of iodine, changes in living habits, stress, taking hormones and diuretics. Thyroid malignant tumor is the most common malignant tumor in endocrine system, with the fastest growing incidence, with more women than men.
Dong Ying said that thyroid cancer often manifests as painless neck lumps or nodules, and general surgery is the most important treatment. If thyroid color Doppler ultrasound or thyroid dysfunction is found, it is recommended to see a doctor in endocrinology or thyroid surgery, and check the medication or surgery regularly according to the doctor’s advice. You can’t stop taking the drug on your own or don’t check it after stopping it.
Women’s health problems ranked third: abnormal TCT and HPV.
Case Ms. Huang usually has no obvious gynecological discomfort. In the past, there was no obvious abnormality in routine gynecological examination and TCT (cancer screening) examination. This year, she added HPV (Human Papillomavirus) examination, and the results of TCT report showed: atypical epithelial cell hyperplasia, HPV virus classification: high-risk type (+), low-risk type (+).
Doctor Dong Ying said that TCT mainly checks whether there are cytological abnormalities in cervical tissues, such as low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, while HPV tests cervical secretions for HPV-DNA to determine whether there is HPV infection.
HPV infection is mostly transient, and if HPV infection persists, the risk of cervical cancer will increase accordingly. The combination of TCT and HPV can improve the diagnosis rate of cervical cancer. It is suggested that women of childbearing age should be screened regularly. If there is long-term HPV infection or TCT examination shows a tendency of malignant transformation, further cervical biopsy is needed to make a definite diagnosis.
